SAT阅读Words in Context题型解析

Words in Context

本周我们将聚焦于SAT阅读部分中的“Words in Context”题型

通过详细的解题方法和示例解析，我们希望能够帮助你更好地理解词汇在语境中的意义，提高阅读理解能力。

01、题型定义

SAT阅读部分中，"Words in Context" 题型常常让许多学生感到困惑。这类题目考察学生理解词语在具体语境中的意义的能力。今天，我们将详细解析这个题型，并分享一些实用的解题方法，帮助你在SAT机考中取得好成绩。

"Words in Context" 题型要求学生根据文章上下文来确定一个单词或短语的确切含义。这不仅仅是对词汇量的考察，更是对原文进行阅读理解和推理能力的考察。

以下是一些常见的语境线索，可以帮助你更好地理解词语的意思：

01 定义：有些时候文章会直接给出词语的定义，例如：

"Some older churches contain feretories, shrines used to house relics of saints."

这里的"feretories" 被定义为 "shrines used to house relics of saints"。

02 例子：通过例子来理解词语的意思，例如：

"There are some members of the lily family that we eat every day,—for example, garlic."

这里的"garlic" 是 "members of the lily family" 的一个例子。

03 比较：通过比较来理解词语，例如：

"An oriel is like a large bay window with attitude."

这里的"oriel" 被比作 "large bay window with attitude"。

04 对比：通过对比来理解词语，例如：

"Unlike the silk flowers in the hall, origami is made of paper."

这里的"origami" 和"silk flowers" 进行了对比。

05 重述：通过重述来理解词语，例如：

"She realized that her new boss was irascible. In other words, the boss had a quick temper."

这里的"irascible" 被解释为 "had a quick temper"。

06 同义词：通过同义词来理解词语，例如：

"He sent in troops to quash, or subdue, the rioting crowd."

这里的"quash"被解释为"subdue"。

07 细节：通过细节来理解词语，例如：

"Frontogenesis occurred over central Texas last night. Cold air from the north collided with warm Gulf air to produce thunderstorms."

这里的 "Frontogenesis" 被描述为冷空气和暖空气碰撞产生雷暴的过程。

02、题目解析

接下来，我们以具体的题目为例，详细解析如何运用上述方法来解答“Words in Context”题型。

#题目一

原文: I call the "to each his own" quandary the His'er Problem, after a solution originally proposed by Chicago school superintendent Ella Young in 1912: "To each his'er own." I'm sorry. I just can't. My reactionary self has aesthetic as well as grammatical standards, and his'er is hideous. Unlike Ms., his'er could never become reflexive. (I might interject here that when I posed the His'er Problem to my brother, who was raised in the same grammatical hothouse as I, he surprised me by saying, "I won't say his'er. That would be a capitulation to barbarism. But I would be willing to consider a more rhythmically acceptable neologism such as hyr or hes, which would be preferable to having to avoid his by plotting each sentence in advance like a military campaign.")

题目: As used in the text, what does the word "neologism" most nearly mean?

选项:

A. New word

B. Contraction

C. Pronoun

D. Correct word

正确答案: A. New word

详细解析:

①定义：文中提到 "neologism" 是 "hyr" 或 "hes" 这种新创造的词汇。根据定义，可以推测出 "neologism" 是新词。

②选择合适选项：在所有选项中，A选项“新词”最符合上下文的意思。

③验证答案：将选项A带入原文，意思通顺且准确。

1.定义：文中提到 "neologism" 是 "hyr" 或 "hes" 这种新创造的词汇。根据定义，可以推测出 "neologism" 是新词。2.选择合适选项：在所有选项中，A选项“新词”最符合上下文的意思。3.验证答案：将选项A带入原文，意思通顺且准确。

#题目二

原文: There he paused for a moment until his eyes became accustomed to the sun, and then seeing the girl under the awning he uttered a long even grunt of disapproval. If he had intended thereby to obtain a rise of any sort he was doomed to disappointment. The girl calmly turned over two pages, turned back one, raised the lemon mechanically to tasting distance, and then very faintly but quite unmistakably yawned.

题目: As used in the text, what does the word "rise" most nearly mean?

选项:

A. IncreaseB. GreetingC. ReactionD. Wave

正确答案: C. Reaction

详细解析:

①对比：文中提到男子发出哼声希望引起女孩的反应（rise），但女孩只是打了个哈欠，没有回应。

②选择合适选项：在所有选项中，C选项“反应”最符合上下文的意思。

③验证答案：将选项C带入原文，意思通顺且准确。

#题目三

原文: I've already noted what "a few more days" would mean to the luckless troops and sailors on the spot, and as to being thoughtful when "opening up the age of nuclear warfare," of course no one was focusing on anything as portentous as that, which reflects a historian's tidy hindsight. The U.S. government was engaged not in that sort of momentous thing but in ending the war conclusively, as well as irrationally remembering Pearl Harbor with a vengeance.

题目: As used in the text, what does the word "tidy" most nearly mean?选项: A. CleanB. OrderlyC. SubstantialD. Satisfactory

正确答案: B. Orderly

详细解析:

①重述：文中提到“tidy hindsight”是历史学家通过有条理的方式回顾历史事件，而不是像当时的人们那样混乱地经历这些事件。

②选择合适选项：在所有选项中，B选项“有条理的”最符合上下文的意思。

③验证答案：将选项B带入原文，意思通顺且准确。

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