观点类大作文，环境类话题
It's a natural process for animal species to become extinct (Like dinosaurs and dodo). There is no reason why people should try to prevent this from happening. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
题目来源：2024年6月22日大陆雅思大作文（重复2019年9月14日大陆考题）
1、题目大意
动物物种灭绝是自然过程（如恐龙和渡渡鸟）。人们没有理由阻止这种情况发生。你在多大程度上同意或不同意？
2、思路解析
这是一道观点类大作文，聊的是人们应不应该阻止动物灭绝。题目理解上不难，但是审题上有两点需要注意，一是题目第一句话不是背景句而是观点，因此在文章中需要对其进行回应。二是题目中的两句观点句构成因果关系，从论证思路上可以对“因”、“果”及其中的逻辑是否合理进行论证。下面，王珍老师带大家一起来看下具体观点。
首先来看同意的角度，有三方面
一是物种灭绝是自然进化的一部分，是自然选择和适者生存的结果。例如，恐龙的灭绝是由于气候变化和自然灾害，而在这个过程中同样会出现能够适应环境的新物种并繁衍。
二是生态系统有自我调节的能力，不需要人类的干预。一些物种的灭绝可能会为其他物种提供更多的生存空间和资源，从而维持生态平衡。
三是资源和经济上有限制。保护濒危物种需要大量资源和资金，这些资源可以更有效地用于人类社会的发展，比如投资于教育、医疗、扶贫等公共项目。
再来看反对的角度，同样可以从三方面出发。
一是一些物种灭绝是由于人类活动直接导致的，例如栖息地破坏、工业污染和非法捕猎。在这种情况下，人类有责任采取措施减缓和逆转这些影响。
二是保持生物多样性非常重要。生物多样性对生态系统的健康和稳定至关重要。每一个物种在生态系统中都有其独特的作用和价值，失去一个物种可能会导致生态系统的崩溃，甚至威胁到人类的生存环境。
三是保护濒危物种可以促进生态旅游，带来经济收益。例如，非洲的野生动物保护区吸引了大量游客，为当地社区提供了就业机会和收入来源。
3、提纲
4、高分范文示例
I tend to disagree with the assertion that the extinction of wildlife is an irreversible trend, and I would therefore advocate for taking steps to save endangered species.
Indeed, it might make sense to Darwinians that only the strongest species should survive the existence of competition; those who do not adapt to the changing environment deserve the fate of extinction. The disappearance of dinosaurs is a prime example of this. Nevertheless, it is simplistic to attribute the problem solely to the law of nature. What is often ignored is the role of human activities behind this issue. For example, relentless poaching has led to the dramatic reduction of many endangered animals. One compelling example is the near extinction of the southern China tiger in the last century due to excessive hunting. Another factor we cannot afford to ignore is the exhaust fumes from vehicles, which are the main culprit of global warming – a potential threat to animals inhabiting the Arctic.
While the vanishing of wildlife is inextricably linked to human activity, we should not be reluctant to take steps to address the problem for several reasons. The primary consideration emphasizes the moral perspective: we do not have the right to deprive other species of life just to satisfy our greed and vanity. Alongside the ethical concern, another factor we should consider is that the protection of wild animals is crucial to our own survival. The disappearance of any particular species can jeopardize the ecological balance, which might impact agriculture. For example, the extinction of owls or snakes means there will be no natural predators for field mice, leading to the destruction of crops.
In conclusion, it seems to me that the extinction of endangered animals is not simply a natural process. Rather, it is a problem to which human behavior is a major contributing factor, and therefore we have every reason to reverse the trend.
5、相关词汇和语法结构
extinction of wildlife 野生动物灭绝
irreversible trend 不可逆的趋势
take steps to save 采取措施拯救
endangered species 濒危物种
survive the existence of competition 在竞争中生存
adapt to the changing environment 适应变化的环境
deserve the fate of extinction 应得灭绝的命运
attribute the problem solely to 单单归因于
the role of human activities 人类活动的角色
relentless poaching 无情的偷猎
dramatic reduction 戏剧性的减少
excessive hunting 过度捕猎
exhaust fumes from vehicles 车辆的尾气
main culprit of global warming 全球变暖的主要罪魁祸首
a potential threat to 对...的潜在威胁
inextricably linked to 密不可分地联系在一起
take steps to address the problem 采取措施解决问题
moral perspective 道德角度
deprive other species of life 剥夺其他物种的生命
jeopardize the ecological balance 危及生态平衡
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