报告类大作文，教育类话题
Despite better access to education, many adults today are still cannot read or write. In what ways are they disadvantaged? What can governments do to help them?
题目来源：2023年4月1日大陆雅思大作文（重复2017年12月9日大陆考题）
1、题目大意
尽管有更好的受教育机会，许多成年人仍然不能阅读或书写。他们在哪些方面处于不利地位？政府可以做些什么来帮助他们？
2、思路解析
这是一道报告类大作文，聊的是文盲的困难及如何解决。报告类文章结构上比较简单，两个主体段分别对应两个问题，主体段一回应文盲的不利处境，主体段二讨论解决的办法。审题时注意两个限定对象，“adults”和“government”，即讨论不利处境和解决办法都是针对成年人，不涉及其他对象，同时解决办法提供者为政府而非当事人自己或其他人。下面月半鸭和大家一起来看下具体观点。
首先来看文盲的劣势，有三方面。
一是不能阅读意味着他们没法通过书籍、媒体等途径实施获取信息，可能导致他们与社会产生脱节，以及难以有效和他人沟通交流，进而产生孤立感。
二是文盲无法书写使得他们无法填写表格等文件，这可能使得他们无法正常办理政府、银行等业务，限制了他们获取某些服务的能力。
三是文盲限制了他们的就业机会，许多现代社会的工作都需要基本的读写能力，相关能力的缺失使得他们难以掌握最新的技能以及找到更好的工作和收入来源。
然后来看政府可以采取的措施，有三个角度。
一是政府可以开展扫盲计划，特别是针对那些没有完成正规教育的人士。通过举办培训班、开设专门的课程以及发动志愿者定点帮扶等措施，帮助他们提高读写能力。
二是通过宣传活动，强调扫盲的重要性以及它为个人和整个社会带来的好处，来提升个人主动学习的积极性。
三是政府可以提供更多合适的就业岗位，帮助文盲改善当下的就业和收入困境。同时帮助其在完成学习后能找到更好的就业机会，通过实际利益鼓动其学习和改变。
3、提纲
4、高分范文示例
Despite the growing accessibility of education, a substantial segment of the population continues to grapple with basic literacy skills, such as reading and writing. This pressing matter influences the lives of the affected individuals, rendering it an issue of significant concern.
The inability to read and write can significantly impede an individual's life trajectory. It restricts their capacity to access information, communicate effectively, and fully engage in societal activities. For example, individuals may have difficulty understanding and filling out forms or accessing government services. Furthermore, illiteracy leads to diminished employment prospects and lower income levels. A workforce lacking the basic skills of reading and writing is less productive and less equipped to adapt to novel technologies and methodologies, further limiting individuals' ability to find work or advance in their careers. In the long term, being in a situation of living and working in difficulties can adversely affect an individual's self-esteem and confidence.
In light of the grave ramifications of illiteracy, it is imperative for governments to undertake decisive measures to address this issue. One viable strategy involves allocating resources to adult literacy programs. Potential initiatives might include providing complimentary classes for adults seeking to enhance their reading and writing abilities or implementing workplace-based literacy training. Another approach is to raise awareness about the importance of literacy and offer incentives for adults to learn to read and write. This could involve promoting the benefits of literacy and committing to providing better job opportunities for those who acquire basic literacy skills. By offering more stable work and income prospects, individuals may be motivated to overcome illiteracy and improve their literacy skills. Providing tangible benefits can serve as a powerful incentive for individuals to escape their current situation and seek a better life.
In conclusion, the pervasive issue of illiteracy presents a formidable challenge, impacting not only the lives of individuals but also resonating throughout society as a whole. To effectively confront and overcome this pressing concern, it is essential that governments take a proactive stance, dedicating resources and efforts towards the development of comprehensive adult literacy programs.
5、相关词汇和语法结构
a substantial segment of 相当一部分
grapple with 努力克服
basic literacy skills 基础读写能力
engage in societal activities 参与社会活动
diminished employment prospects 就业前景不佳
workplace-based training 基于职场的培训
allocate resources 分配资源
tangible benefits 实际利益
pressing concern 紧迫的问题
comprehensive programs 全面的项目，全面的计划。
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