托福考情回顾
托福听力考情
【第一套】
C1：学生要修东西，以及参加活动
L1：天文学，提到Jupiter Mars和地球
L2：海洋相关
托福阅读考情
1. Early photography in the United States
2.冰川二氧化碳的变化
3.fungi
4.the Originsof writing
5.地球和月球
6.Port in Malasia
7. Seventeeth-Century European Economic Growth
8.太阳黑子
9. Physiological adaptations of Tuna
10. 马车在交通中的发展
部分词汇题
anxiety
prolific
enigmatic
rigid=stiff
托福口语考情
A卷
Task1：命中 《托福口语真题第四册》2021.02.28
教授给面对面反馈好还是给书面反馈好？
When giving students feedback, some professors prefer to do that face-to-face, while others prefer to leave some written feedback. Which do you think is better?
task2:
学校club should eliminate audition(选拔)
1. 违背了娱乐的核心和初衷
2. 限制了探索兴趣的机会
听力反对：
1. 需要选拔，因为参加部分社团是需求一定技巧的，如爵士乐队
2. 学校里已经有选拔型和开放型两种类型的社团，可以满足不同需求
task3:
Age Dimorphism
听力
不同年龄的海鸟的羽毛颜色不一样。成年海鸟全身是白色的，但幼鸟是黑色的。这对于海鸟的生存存在重要的优势。成年海鸟具有强烈的同类攻击性，而幼鸟独特的黑色羽毛能有效避免遭受成年个体的攻击。
task4:
two techniques photographers used to manipulate photo
1. cut and paste 复制粘贴
例子：group photo, people move, blurry
2. overpainting
例子：family photo, remember skin tone, paint photo
B卷
Task1：命中《托福口语真题第三册》2020.07.29
同意与否：学生在学校取得成功的关键因素在于其智力水平的高低。
Do you agree or disagree that the determining factor of a student's success in school is the amount of intelligence?
task2:
学校计划Move the student theater performance to off campus in the downtown theater
1.downtown theater可以accommodate a larger number of audience
2.downtown theater有更多的advanced technology and facilities
听力男生反对：
1. 大部分观众都是学生，对于学生来说在学校观看表演会比在市区看更方便。如果这样做的话将会有更少的学生去看表演。
2.操作设备的学生并不是well-trained，所以他们只会使用学校里的那些比较简单基础的设备。先进的设备对他们来说too complicated to handle。
task3:
Overconfidence effect （过度自信效应）
对于有可能会失望的事情，有些人依然自信地去完成，这样会变成做别的事情的动力。
听力
教授的儿子毕业后很想进入newspaper office工作，但是这个岗位几百人投递只录用一个人。他很相信自己可以得到这份工作，努力拿到了很高的GPA和教授推荐信，并准备面试，但是结果这个岗位并没有录取他，他非常失望。但是他的努力没有白费，因为他优异的学习成绩，他很快得到了另外一份非常棒的工作。
task4:
two functions of biofluorescence（生物荧光的两个功能）
1. to help them defense from predators
例子：有一种鲨鱼的鱼鳍上有这样发光功能，他们借此来告诉predators不要靠近，不然就会get hurt。
2. to help them kill bacteria
例子：catshark的背部有这样的物质可以帮助他们杀死细菌，以此来保持healthy。catshark住在sea floor的位置，环境比较困难，容易影响鲨鱼的健康。这样的物质可以保证他们在这种困难环境下survive。
C卷
Task1：《托福口语真题第三册》2020.11.21 / 重复2025年2月22日线下原题
上课让学生玩教育相关的游戏是否有利学习？
Some people think educational games in group will benefit for students to study, while others think it may disturb students. Which do you prefer? Why?
task2:
学校计划取消社团额外资金申请
1.强制学生自主规划预算
2.建议通过筹款解决资金问题
听力支持
1.学生认为能培养财务规划能力
2.举例环保社团通过卖T恤成功筹款，既解决经费又宣传理念
task3:
Audience profile（受众概况）
通过了解潜在客户的偏好和需求，企业能够制作出更具针对性的广告，吸引真正可能购买产品的消费者。
听力：Marketing lecture
有一家食品公司，其目标客户主要为注重健康的年轻女性。公司会构建一个典型的客户画像：20多岁的女性，经常去健身房, 并且会浏览瑜伽相关网站。基于这一画像，公司会制作针对性的广告，并选择在瑜伽网站等渠道进行精准投放。
task4:
two adaptation of koala
1. 通过减少活动降低能耗
2. 依靠体内特殊蛋白分解所食桉树叶的选择性毒素
托福写作考情
第一卷
【综合写作】
美国的Death Valley里300kg的大石头会动 (sailing stones)
阅读推测可能的原因
1.是风吹动的，因为存在关于山谷里有大风的纪录，且天下雨的时候，muddy变得很平，适合让风吹动石头
2.地下水晚上结冰，石头就能动了
3.人类恶搞的，比如麦田圈
听力反对阅读的说法，
1.石头在泥地会有巨大阻力，没有风强到能吹动这样的大石头
2.沙漠中水根本不够，且温度太高，就算晚上结冰，白天就化了，没法搬动石头
3.如果是人干的，那一定会留下痕迹，这种muddy里没有人能做到不留痕迹，而现场既没有人的痕迹，也没有马的痕迹
【学术讨论】
重复2024年4月13日考题
Doctor Achebe
Starting this week, we are going to discuss the effect that pollution has on our environment. Specifically, we will focus on the pollution of waterways, which has caused significant health problems around the world. Large amounts of plastics, industrial waste, and trash pollute the oceans and rivers. l want you to consider the following question: How much can individuals help solve the water pollution problem compared with large institutions such as corporations and governments? Please explain your position.
Andrew
Individual efforts will likely have little effect. It is better to focus on large corporations that do the most damage to our waterways. Think of the oil companies that have spills and factory owners that dump chemicals into the waterways. Individuals pollute the water too, but companies have much more impact. Business leaders need to set examples for the community.
Claire
I think Individual people are the first step in solving the pollution problem. For example, when one person stops using harmful chemicals or helps clean up a local waterway, it can inspire others. They can use social media to spread the word and share examples of positive behavior. This can quickly become a grassroots movement for change.
第二卷
【综合写作】
阅读：beavers should not be released in England
1.Beavers use wood build dams，这样就会block the water flow
2.Beavers 会dig holes，然后使ground above腐烂，不利于farmland
3.Beavers’ teeth are so strong that they will burrow in trees and thus kill the trees
听力：releasing beavers的好处大于坏处
1.Beavers并不会在每条河流中build dams，很多build dams的河流是still的
2.Beavers通常在Long river中，通常long river水流很快，beavers可以slow down the water flow，这样对农田有利
3.把有些trees kill掉反而使vegetation多样化，因为部分树木挪调之后会使原本在树荫下的植物有更多的阳光，这样这些vegetation就可以长的更好，就会出现一个new ecosystem
【学术讨论】
重复2023年8月16日家庭版
Doctor
In many countries, the standard workweek consists of eight hours of work each day for five days per week. Now, though, some people advocate a shorter workweek: a four-day workweek with no decrease in workers' pay. There are advantages and disadvantages to this of course. What is your opinion about instituting a shorter, four-day workweek, and why?
Andrew
I like that idea, but on one condition: that the workday is no longer than eight hours. I have heard some plans require ten hours a day for a four-day week. Most employees would find that exhausting, and it could actually be counterproductive to tire out your workers. Yes, to four-day weeks, but no to ten-hour days!
Claire
In my country, the workweek is Monday to Friday plus half a day on Saturday, so moving to a four-day workweek would be too drastic a change! Workers might struggle to complete their tasks in a four-day workweek. It seems less stressful to spread workout over more days rather than trying to condense it all into a shorter week.
第三卷
【综合写作】
Phoenicians（腓尼基人）是否是大西洋岛屿的第一批定居者
阅读：认为Phoenicians是第一批定居者，提出三个原因
1.发现了一个洞穴，里面有宗教用品，比如stone altar和bowls， 与腓尼基风格相似
2.在洞穴中还发现了Phoenician coins （腓尼卡硬币）
3.Phoenicians以海上航行而闻名，所以对他们来说，长途跋涉到这个岛屿并不难
听力反驳：
1.没有足够的证据来证实在洞穴中发现的物品是仪式的宗教物品，所以不能证明洞穴是曾经Phoenicians用来宗教活动的地方
2.腓尼基人曾经去过葡萄牙的一个小镇，腓尼基硬币可能留在了那个小镇，阅读的作者把这两者搞混了
3.大西洋的洋流和海浪是向东移动的，当时的腓尼基人不可能向西航行到岛屿
【学术讨论】
重复2023年8月6日家考真题
Doctor Achebe
In the next few weeks, we’ll be talking about urban traffic management. Let’s begin by discussing one popular idea- creating car-free central zones. Some cities around the world have recently designated their downtown areas as being automobile-free which means that vehicles are not allowed to enter the city centers. Do you think more cities should make their central zones car-free？ why or why not?
Claire
I support the idea of establishing car-free central zones because this will result in one important benefit for city residents - it will be better for their health. Instead of driving everywhere, people will be encouraged to walk or cycle more. It would be a great way to incorporate exercise into people’s routines.
Paul
It sounds like a good idea, but I’m skeptical. My main concern is that many businesses located in the city centers, such as shops and restaurants, may suffer because the customers will no longer be able to reach those businesses by car. For some customers, if they can’t drive, they won’t go at all.
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