今年武外英中AS年级秋季期中考试数学(普数班)P1重点考察了以下几个知识点:函数、弧度制、三角函数、数列、圆方程、微分。
小编听任课老师说,这次考试难度适中,不算特别难~涉及到的题型甚至是原题在我们以赴的复习课上也都有讲过哦。让我们一起看看这次考试的几个重点题型,温故而知新吧!
01、Series(AP & GP)
数列(等差数列、等比数列)
【常见题型】
A geometric progression, for which the common ratio is positive, has a second term of 18 and a fourth term of 8. Find
(i) the first term and common ratio of the progression, [3]
(ii) the sum to infinity of the progression. [2]
【难度系数】??
【考点分析】该题考察学生对于等差数列与等比数列概念及公式的掌握情况。
【思路点拨】首先通过读题判断出题目所问的数列是等差数列还是等比数列,然后根据已知信息运用相应的公式(公式表会给)求出题目的问题,注意避免出现简单的计算错误。
【评分标准】
(i) ar=18 and ar3=8Solution to give r=2/3a=18÷r=27.0 | M1DM1A1 3 | Any 2 equations of type arnCorrect method on correct 2 equations.For his 18÷r |
(ii) Sum to infinity = a÷(1-r)Answer=81.0 | M1A1√ 2 | Correct formula applied – even if r>1.Follow through provided r<1.(ignore r=±2/3) |
02、Quadratics(Quadratic equation & inequilitiy)
二次方程(二次方程与不等式)
【常见题型】
A curve has equation y = 2x2-3x.
(i)Find the set of values of x for which y>9. [3]
(ii)Express 2x2-3x in the form a(x+b)2+c, where a, b and c are constants, and state the coordinates of the vertex of the curve. [4]
The functions f and g are defined for all real values of x by
f(x) = 2x2-3x and g(x) = 3x+k,
where k is a constant.
(iii)Find the value of k for which the equation gf(x) = 0 has equal roots. [3]
【难度系数】???
【考点分析】该题考察学生对于一元二次方程和一元二次不等式的解法的掌握情况。
【思路点拨】配完全平方式是初中的基本计算内容,解一元二次不等式我们需要理解为抛物线在x轴上方还是下方的部分;第三问有相等的根,是考察判别式的内容。
【评分标准】
03、Series(GP)
数列(等比数列)
【常见题型】
Each year, the value of a certain rare stamp increases by 5% of its value at the beginning of the year. A collector bought the stamp for $10,000 at the beginning of 2005. Find its value at the beginning of 2015 correct to the nearest $100.
【难度系数】??
【考点分析】该题考察学生对于等比数列实际应用题的掌握情况。
【思路点拨】题目中“ increase by” 指的是每年增加5%,common ratio为1.05,最后的计算注意用计算器算出。
【评分标准】
Uses r = (1.05 or 105%)9,10 or 11 |
B1 |
Used to multiply repeatedly or in any GP formula. |
New value = 10,000*1.0510=($)16,300 |
B1 |
04、Differentiation(Application of differentiation)
微分(微分的应用)
【常见题型】
A hollow circular cylinder, open at one end, is constructed of thin sheet metal. The total external surface area of the cylinder is 192πcm2. The cylinder has a radius of r cm and a height of hcm.
(i) Express h in terms of r and show that the volume, V , of the cylinder is given by
Given that r can vary,
(ii) find the value of r for which V has a stationary value, [3]
(iii) the this stationary value and determine whether it is a maximum or a minimum. [3]
【难度系数】???
【考点分析】该题考察了学生运用微分求最大值的实际应用。
【思路点拨】注意Cylinder的表面积与体积公式,根据表面积的大小得到h与r的关系,在体积V里面将h替换为r,最后用微分来求最大值/最小值。
【评分标准】
(i) 192π = πr2 + 2πrhleads to h = (192π – πr2) ÷ 2rπV = πr2h V = 1/2π(192r – r3) | M1A1M1A1 4 | Tries to relate surface area and (1 or 2) circles.Correct only.Subs for h into a correct volume formula.Answer was given. (beware fortuitous ans) |
(ii) dV/dr = 1/2π(192 – 3r2) = 0 when r = 8 | M1DM1 A1 3 | Attempt to differentiate. Attempt to set to 0. Correct only. |
(iii) value of V = 1610 (or512π)d2V/dr2 = 1/2π(-6r) Negative maximum. | A1M1A1√ 3 | Correct only – could be in (ii)Any correct method for max/min, Correct conclusion (must have second differential correct, but for his “r”) |
05、Binomial expansion(Series)
二项展开式(数列)
【常见题型】
Find the coefficient of x6 in the expansion of [4]
【难度系数】???
【考点分析】该题考察了学生对于二项式展开知识点的掌握情况。
【思路点拨】利用二项式展开公式,分别找到(2x^3)项和(1/x^2)的次数,使得它们的乘积为x^6。
【评分标准】
06、Circular measure(Area of a sector)
弧度制(扇形的面积)
【常见题型】
【难度系数】???
【考点分析】该题考察了学生弧长与扇形面积的计算。
【思路点拨】第一问利用三角函数的基本定理求出AX长度,第二问用三角形面积减去扇形面积,第三问用弧长公式求出arcAB的长度后求周长。
【评分标准】
07、Trigonometry(Trigonometric identities and equations)
三角函数(三角恒等式与方程)
【常见题型】
【难度系数】???
【考点分析】该题考察了学生对于三角函数恒等式的运用和求解三角函数方程。
【思路点拨】第一问左边看起来很复杂,先把括号打开后用恒等式把sin和cos分别都凑成三次方就得到了右边,第二问用第一问右边的结论就能得到tanx的三次方等于1/8,最后解出2个x的值,注意是degrees形式。
【评分标准】
08、Function(Inverse function, Domain & range, Composite function)
函数(反函数、定义域和值域、复合函数)
【常见题型】
【难度系数】????
【考点分析】该题考察了学生二次函数的配方、复合函数反推原始函数、反函数的求法,以及反函数的domain。
【思路点拨】第二问利用第一问的结论,很快可以得到g(x)就是2x+3;第三问依然是通过第一问配方后的式子求出反函数。不要忘记正负号的判断,最后通过求原函数的range,得到反函数的domain。
【评分标准】
09、Trigonometry(Trigonometric functions)
三角函数
【常见题型】
【难度系数】????
【考点分析】该题考察了学生三角函数的图像变换。
【思路点拨】三角函数图像变换要从最靠近x开始,sinx变成了2sinx,又变成了-2sinx,最后整体+3,按照这个顺序就能画出f的图像。
【评分标准】
010、Geometry(Circle)
几何(圆)
【常见题型】
The coordinates of the points A and B are (-1, -2) and (7, 4) respectively.
(i) Find the equation of the circle, C, for which AB is a diameter. [4]
(ii) Find the equation of the tangent, T, to circle C at the point B. [4]
(iii) Find the equation of the circle which is the reflection of circle C in the line T. [3]
【难度系数】????
【考点分析】该题考察了学生对圆的方程和性质的掌握。
【思路点拨】diameter是直径的意思,第一问通过中点公式就能得到圆心坐标,两点间距离公式能得到半径,第三问新的圆是圆C的翻折,说明半径没有变,变化的只有圆心。
【评分标准】
(i) Centre is (3, 1)Radius = 5 (Pythagoras)Equation of C is (X-3) + (y-1)2 =25(FT on their centre) | B1B1M1A1FT |
(ii) Gradient from (3, 1) to (7, 4) = 3/4 (this is the normal)Gradient of tangent = -4/3Equation is y – 4 = -4/3(x-7) or 3y + 4x = 40 | B1M1M1A1 |
(iii) B is centre of line joining centres à (11, 7)Radius = 5New equation is (x-11)2 + (y-7)2 = 25(FT on coordinates of B) | B1M1A1FT |